Janefor1

Hello. Let me start by saying that I have read all the forum posts on wheels. I still have some questions about the realities on the road of rims manufactured with the 3 different methods. I know that forged are MUCH stronger and less likely to bend in potholes, etc. They are also very expensive and I'm not thrilled with their styles (at least Tire Rack's RX8 selection). The rims that are LP/Shot Peened seemed to be more expensive than those that are Gravity Cast, does that mean they are better? So my questions are these:

1) What is your experience or knowledge of the road wear and tear regarding these different manufacturing methods, and can you share your insights with me?

2) I have up to the list price of the original rims, $510 per rim, to spend on the new rims, and I can always go over out of pocket. Are there brands that you recommend that I look at?

In advance, thanks for the assistance! :p

Janefor1

All about alloy wheels from The Tire Rack website

"All wheels are round. Or are they?

Though not enforced, there are quality standards to govern the production of wheels. Some countries though, like Germany and Japan, have government regulations requiring aftermarket wheels to meet certain criteria and ensure proper fit. The United States has taken steps to establish guidelines but it will be some time before they can enact regulation of any kind.

Consequently, all wheels are not made the same. The performance of an alloy wheel is a direct result of the manufacturing technique employed.

The Tire Rack offers a wide range of wheel choices from manufactures that have adopted the manufacturing processes that meet the strict O.E.M. (Original Equipment manufacturers) requirements. Wheel companies that supply to the O.E.M. market must follow certain procedures during the manufacturing process to maintain the quality and integrity of their product.

There are many factors to consider when purchasing an alloy wheel.

One-Piece Cast Wheels
This is the most common type of aluminum wheel. The casting of wheels is the process of getting molten aluminum inside a mold to form a wheel. There are different ways this can be accomplished and although it sounds simple, this is truly an art when done properly.

• GRAVITY CASTING

Gravity casting is the most basic process of pouring molten aluminum into a mold utilizing the earth’s gravity to fill the mold. Gravity casting offers a very reasonable production cost and is a good method for casting designs that are more visually oriented or when reducing weight is not a primary concern. Since the process relies on gravity to fill the mold, the aluminum is not as densely packed in the mold as some other casting processes. Often gravity cast wheels will have a higher weight to achieve the required strength.

• LOW PRESSURE CASTING

Low pressure casting uses positive pressure to move the molten aluminum into the mold quicker and achieve a finished product that has improved mechanical properties (more dense) over a gravity cast wheel. Low-pressure casting has a slightly higher production cost over gravity casting. Low pressure is the most common process approved for aluminum wheels sold to the O.E.M. market. Low-pressure cast wheels offer a good value for the aftermarket as well. Some companies offer wheels that are produced under a higher pressure in special casting equipment to create a wheel that is lighter and stronger than a wheel produced in low pressure. Once again in the quest for lighter weight, there is a higher cost associated with the process.

• SPUN-RIM, FLOW-FORMING OR RIM ROLLING TECHNOLOGY

This specialized process begins with a low pressure type of casting and uses a special machine that spins the initial casting, heats the outer portion of the casting and then uses steel rollers pressed against the rim area to pull the rim to its final width and shape. The combination of the heat, pressure and spinning create a rim area with the strength similar to a forged wheel without the high cost of the forging. Some of the special wheels produced for the O.E.M. high performance or limited production vehicles utilize this type of technology resulting in a light and strong wheel at a reasonable cost. BBS has used this technology for several years in their production of racing wheels for Formula One and Indy cars. BBS's RC wheel for the aftermarket is an example of a wheel produced using spun rim technology.

• FORGED OR SEMI-SOLID FORGED


In forged wheels, computer numerically controlled
(CNC) mills add the cosmetics and the bolt circle to exacting tolerances.
The ultimate in one-piece wheels. Forging is the process of forcing a solid billet of aluminum between the forging dies under an extreme amount of pressure. This creates a finished product that is very dense, very strong and therefore can be very light. The costs of tooling, development, equipment, etc., make this type of wheel very exclusive and usually demand a high price in the aftermarket. Semi-solid forging (SSF) is a process that heats a billet of special alloy to an almost liquid state and then the aluminum is forced into a mold at a very high rate. The finished product offers mechanical properties very similar to a forged wheel without the high production and tooling costs of a forged wheel. When low weight and performance are on your priority list, the SSF technology offers an excellent value. Currently only SSR (Speed Star Racing) from Japan is licensed to use this process for the production of wheels. Read more about semi-solid forging technology.
Multi-Piece Wheels
This type of wheel utilizes two or three components assembled together to produce a finished wheel. Multi-piece wheels can use many different methods of manufacturing. Centers can be cast in various methods or forged. The rim sections for 3-piece wheels are normally spun from disks of aluminum. Generally, spun rim sections offer the ability to custom-tailor wheels for special applications that would not be available otherwise. The rim sections are bolted to the center and normally a sealant is applied in or on the assembly area to seal the wheel. This type of 3-piece construction was originally developed for racing in the early 1970s and has been used on cars ever since. The 3-piece wheels are most popular in the 17" and larger diameters.

There are now many options for 2-piece wheels in the market. The 2-piece wheel design does not offer as wide a range of application that a 3-piece wheel allows, however they are more common in the market and the prices start well below the average 3-piece wheel. Some 2-piece wheels have the center bolted into a cast or cast/spun rim section and other manufacturers press centers into spun rim sections and weld the unit together. When BBS developed a new 2-piece wheel to replace the previous 3-piece street wheel, they used the special rim-rolling technology (originally developed for racing wheels) to give the rim section the weight and strength advantages similar to a forged rim. On the high-end of the 2-piece wheel market you can find wheels using forged rims and forged centers. Since these are only sold in small volume and due to the high development and production costs associated with the forging process, they tend to be on the high end of the price scale."

Omicron

Wow, great post.

So how about it folks? Should the cheaper "gravity cast" be avoided? Anyone have bad experiences with them? Let's get some discussion going on this one...

Omicron

So no one wants to comment? C'mon... surely we have some people on here who know about wheels?

draco067

It seems fro mthe text of that article that a LP cast wheel will weigh more than an identical gravity cast wheel, but will be stronger as well.

slavearm

If it is not forged, it is not going on my car =). Seriously... if you want to know how big of difference the weight of your rim will make in the performance and handling of your car, I invite you to stop by and try on my TE-37s. I managed to put a stickier and wider tire on my car, and the combination still weighed less than stock. The weight difference between cast and forged is pretty large. Other than that, I have not yet been able to bend/dent/misalign/destroy any of my volk(Forged) rims.

Slavearm
Proud Rim Abuser

draco067

I am getting my rims next week, 18x8.5, and they are approximately 17 or 18 lbs. And they are CAST. So being forged is not everything, there are still some quality cast wheels out there.

joyridevr6

If you are able to spend $510 a wheel, I see no reason why you should not buy forged wheels. I have 19x8.5 volk gt-c's and that is almost exactly what I paid shipped with center caps and lug nuts. If you do a bit of searching via google I am sure that you can find a good deal.

draco067

-IF- you can spend 510 a wheel. Forged wheels require serious bank. I got all 4 of my wheels for almost half of what you paid for 4.

Janefor1

Thank you for the feedback guys. I think that I have settled on Work Super Wheels, probably the Euroline KH, or the Termist TS-1 Reloaded. Does anyone have some specific feedback on the Work brand?

Omicron

Interesting factoid I found today while calling around on wheels: pay attention to load rating. Some of the lighter weight cast wheels actually have a low load rating, which can be a good indicator how stong the wheel will be. Something that's not normally listed, but worth looking into. Just FYI.

Janefor1

Good advice Omicron, thanks!